Bureaucracyr & Organizational

correspond to Max Weber, bureaucratism means a exchangely directed, systematically organized and hierarchically social systemd staff devoted to the regular, r tabuine and efficient carrying unwrap of striking- racing shell administrative tasks according to policies dictated by, rulers or directors standing(a) protrudeside and above the bureaucratism. Such a staff, as Weber rightly saw, tends to bring forth rule-bound, functionally specialized, elevating im individualality and esprit de corps.But bureaucratism has also meant the black eye of organisational readiness and effective concentrate control red tape, s lowlyness of procedure, waver to take a finding, the unnecessary times of people, rules and get ups a con nonation achieved by singling out for attention unfavourable secondary features or tendencies of bureaucratic structures. The term bureaucracy has been include in, but also contrasted with, the more popular concept of administration.Sometimes this is d matchless by eyesight bureaucracy as a testicle and impersonal mode of administration, sometimes by seeing bureaucracy as that form of administration where administrators (the bureaucrats, the officials) have become the really rulers, arrogating to themselves privilege, power and control. An organisational structure localizes how chew over tasks are formally divided, separate and coordinated. The primary(prenominal) elements to consider while designing an organizational structure are Work Specialization, departmentalization, fibril of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization and formalization.The well-nigh common Organizational designs found in use are ? Simple or Flat structure ? The bureaucracy ? The hyaloplasm structure ? The Team Structure ? The practical(prenominal) Organization ? The Boundaryless Organization The paper discusses the major(ip)(ip)(ip) advantages of all the above designs and all are compared with bureaucracy and the real contribution of bureaucracy is arrived at the end of discussion. Then the intent of bureaucracy in improving the talent of the organization is elucidated. The impact of a low take bureaucracy is then discussed and its procedure in efficiency is discussed.Then the impacts of gamey train bureaucracy are discussed. Finally, the paper concludes by stating that a contribute aim of bureaucracy is good for increasing the efficiency of the organization. Advantages and Disadvantages of mingled Organizational designs The honest structure is characterized by a low degree of departmentalization, simple spans of control, authority centralized in a single person, and bantam formalization. The bearing of the simple structure lies in its simplicity. Its fast, negotiable and inexpensive to maintain and accountpower is clear.One major helplessness is that it is difficult to maintain in anything some other than a small organization. The ending qualification becomes slow as the organi zation grows in size because of its low formalization and graduate(prenominal) centralization. A bureaucracy is characterized by extremely routine operating tasks achieved by means of specialization, much formalized rules and regulations, tasks that are grouped into functional departments, centralized authority, narrow spans of control, and finale making that follows the chain of command.The primary strength of bureaucracy lies in its ability to cause standardized activities in a highly efficient manner. One of the major weakness of this structure is that it causes departmental conflicts and highly mulish always followers the rules. at that draw a bead on is no agency for modification The Matrix structure is characterized by dual lines of authority and combines convergence and functional departmentalization. IBM adopts a modified adaptation of the matrix structure in its boilersuit works.The strength of this structure lies in its ability to facilitate coordination and e fficient allocation of specialists. The major single out lies in the confusion it creates, its prosperity to foster power struggles, and the stress it places on individuals. The Team structure uses teams as the central device to coordinate take form activities. Companies similar DaimlerChrysler, Saturn, Motorola and Xerox have made drawn-out use of self managed teams to improve productivity at the operational level. In little companies, the team structure can define the entire organization.For instance, Imedia, a 30 person marketing firm in sassy Jersey is completely organized almost teams. This structure is highly unsuitable for turgid companies. A Virtual organization is a small core organization that out sources major business functions. Ancle Hsu and David Ji steer a virtual organization. Their firm, California establish Apex Digital, is one of the worlds largest producers of DVD Players, yet the company incomplete owns a factory nor employs an engineer. They contrac t everything out to firms in China. This is suitable for small and large organizations.The major advantage is the flexibility and the disadvantage is lack of managerial control in key aspects of business. The Boundaryless organization is an organization that seeks to detach the chain of command, have limitless spans of control, and fill in departments with empowered teams. The discussion of various organizational designs indicates the flexibility and adaptable nature of other designs compared to Bureaucracy. This also reveals that in most situations, Bureaucracy is good when the weaknesses of the designs are studied. Role of Bureaucracy in improving the efficiency of the organizationThe primeval strength of bureaucracy lies in putt like specialties together in functional departments results in economics of scale, minimum gemination of personnel and equipments, and employees who have the opportunity to piffle the said(prenominal) language among their peers. Further more, burea ucracy can get by nicely with less talented and hence, less dear(p) middle and lower level managers. The pervasiveness of rules and regulations substitutes for managerial discretion. Standardized operation, coupled with high formalization, vacate decision making to be centralized.There is little need therefore, for innovative and experienced decision makers below the level of senior executives. This drastically cuts costs for the enterprise and improves the efficiency level drastically by obtaining high levels of economies of scale and spending less on employees. The bureaucracy is efficient only as presbyopic as employees confront problems that they have previously encountered and for which programmed decision rules have already been established. mend of a low level of bureaucracy A low level of bureaucracy results in huge lack of control.Employees are at their give and decision making becomes a very cumbersome task. There allow be a bevy of outstanding orders and the sp rain schedule willing be way below the evaluate level. This considerably decreases the efficiency of the organization. In very rare cases, employees take up right and achieve targets. Impact of a high level of bureaucracy A high level of bureaucracy is highly mischievous to the growth of the organization. This makes the employees to develop job insecurity and they feel to be continuously monitored.High level of bureaucracy is characterized by issuing orders and a logic to follow. There will be a lot of unwanted industrial plant and precious time will be spent in duplication of the same work in various levels of the organization. This curbs variation and creativity leading to routine jobs and at long last leads to employee boredom. There will be no sort of an employee involvement in this situation. Employees work for long hours but the output will be way below the standards and there will be no motive mechanisms to support the employees. This finally results in employee turn over.So, a high level of bureaucracy is to be avoided as it may arouse the employees against the wariness of the company. Weakness of Bureaucracy One of the major weaknesses of a bureaucracy is illustrated in the side by side(p) dialogue between four executives in one company Ya Know, nothing happens in this place until we produce something, said the doing executive. Wrong commented the research and development manager, nil happens until we design something. What are you talking some? asked the marketing executive. Nothing happens here until we allot something.Finally, the exasperated accounting manager responded, It does not matter what you produce, design, or sell. Now one knows what happens we tally up the results This conversation questions at the fact that specialization creates subunit conflicts. useable unit goals can override the boilersuit goals of organization. The other major weakness of a bureaucracy is something dealing with the people who work in these organi zations obsessive concern with following the rules. When cases arise that do not on the nose fit the rules, there is no room for modification. ConclusionBureaucracy is efficient to the organization only when a moderate level exists. Both a low level of bureaucracy and a high level of bureaucracy will result in the inefficient operation of the enterprise without fully utilizing the resources of the company. A moderate level of bureaucracy will get a line that control mechanisms are in place and that employees are achieving their targets. This also allows the restriction of terrific rules and procedures to the employees and causing boredom. When a saturation point is reached, bureaucracy contributes greatly to improving the efficiency of the organization to a great level.Reference Stephen P. Robbins, Organizational Behavior, Tenth Edition, Prentice Hall of India. Pg. 425-446, Pg. 523-535. Garry Dessler, homosexual Resource Management, Eastern Economy edition. Pg 465-479. steam y L. Desimone, Jon M. Werner and David M. Harris, Human Resource Development, Pearson education. Pg. 225 239 Cummings & vitamin A Worley, Organization Culture and Change , 2005, paginate 490 Merril Ewert D and Jennifer A King Rice. 2002 October. Managing variety HRM Review. http//www. hrmguide. co. uk/history/classical_organization_theory. htm